Vocational Interests and Teaching Preferences: Who Prefers Which Teaching Topic in the Nature-Human-Society Subject?

This study focuses on the vocational interests of trainee teachers for kindergarten and primary school, investigating whether the RIASEC-interest dimensions are related to teaching preferences in the Swiss subject of Nature-Human-Society, which is characterized by its multidisciplinarity. Interests are a source of individual differences in people and important to study since they influence intrinsic motivation, and thus, behavior, effort, and occupational decisions. The results of the conducted survey, composed of the Nature-Human-Society questionnaire and the general interest structure test (AIST-R), show, in a sample of 220 participants, that trainee teachers' vocational interests were partly related to their previous experiences in the specific content domains of Nature-Human-Society and slightly differed by gender. The RIASEC interest dimensions of social, investigative, realistic, and partly artistic evidence significant correlations with preferences in the teaching topics of the Nature-Human-Society subject. It became clear that trainee teachers with high realistic and investigative interests and low social and artistic interests tended to prefer thing-related teaching topics, while pronounced social and artistic interests with low realistic and investigative interests were associated with teaching preferences for people-related topics in the subject of Nature-Human-Society. The dominant role of Prediger's people- versus thing-related interest orientation could thus also be confirmed in the choice of favorite teaching topics, signaling that teachers feel comfortable with those topics that match their interest structure.

Personality and Person-Work Environment Fit: A Study Based on the RIASEC Model.

This study identifies if there are differences in the personality scores of professionals with varying degrees of congruence, considering each dimension of the RIASEC model. Method: A cross-sectional survey study. Participants responded to three measures: Vocational Interests Scale (VIS); Occupational Classification Inventory (OCI-R) for estimating congruence; and The Next Big Five Inventory (BFI-2) for estimating personality. Results: Congruence was associated with at least one personality dimension in the Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, and Conventional types. In addition, we identified significant differences between the personality scores of professionals according to the degree of congruence in the Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, and Enterprising types.

The relationship between resilience and psychological characteristics of paramedicine students.

BACKGROUND: Paramedics' continued exposure to occupational stressors can have a detrimental effect on their psychological well-being. Resilience can provide for better coping. Understanding individual differences provides explanations why some individuals thrive while others are more at risk. AIM: To explore the effect of Personality according to the Big-Five, Ways of Thinking and Occupational Preference according to Holland's RIASEC Model, on resilience. METHOD: Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, The Big-Five Inventory, Ways of Thinking, Brief RIASEC Marker Scales and Connor Davidson CD-RISC were administered. RESULTS: Standard Multiple Regression showed that resilience is more likely to be seen in those who score high in Conscientiousness and low in Neuroticism. Modelling also showed that resilience is more likely to be seen in those who score high in Surgency (ß = 0.364, p = .001) followed by the Freethinker (ß = 0.312, p = .001), Scientific (ß = 0.112, p = .027) and Controlled (ß = 0.105, p = .040) ways of thinking. Although the RIASEC model was not a strong predictor of resilience, the Social (ß = 0.252, p = .001) and Investigative (ß = 0.153, p = .020) factors were highlighted as contributing towards a paramedic's resilience. CONCLUSION: The paramedicine students that participated in this study report higher levels of some of the personality traits inherently protective in facilitating resilience.

General or Vocational Education? The Role of Vocational Interests in Educational Decisions at the End of Compulsory School in Switzerland.

Many educational systems are characterized by segregation between a general and vocational educational track. When adolescents must decide on their postcompulsory education at the end of lower secondary school, the different programs are typically embedded in one of these two main tracks. Prior career choice theories postulate that vocational interests, as structured by the six-dimensional RIASEC model of Holland (1997), play a crucial role in educational and vocational transition processes. However, regarding the question of general versus vocational education, previous studies have mainly focused on the effects of social background. Therefore, this paper examines the impact of vocational interests on the choice of Baccalaureate School (BAC, general track), Vocational Education and Training (VET, vocational track) or the Federal Vocational Baccalaureate (FVB), a hybrid qualification that links elements of both tracks. The sample consists of N = 609 students at the end of lower secondary school in Switzerland. The results of multinomial logistic regression analyses show that all six dimensions of Holland's interest model are significant predictors for the three postcompulsory tracks, even when controlling for school variables (e.g., grades) and variables of social background. While the realistic and social dimensions are positively interrelated with the choice of VET, the artistic, investigative and enterprising dimensions predict the choice of BAC. The conventional dimension is the only one positively linked to the choice of FVB. The results are discussed with special attention to segregation between more practical and more theoretical types of interests.

Exploring paramedicine student preferences using Holland's vocational theory: A cross-sectional study.

Holland's RIASEC typology is a classification of vocational personality types and work environments. Having a predisposition for their vocation, in terms of a personality that is congruent to their work environment, may be protective for paramedics with regards to both their mental and physical health. The purpose of this study was to identify paramedicine students' vocational preference according to Holland's RIASEC model. Bachelor of Paramedicine degree students in the three different year levels completed the 48-item Brief RIASEC Marker Scales to determine their order of the six RIASEC personality types. In this study, the paramedicine students' three most dominant personality types were Social-Investigative-Artistic, differing from the defined Holland Occupational Code for paramedics of Realistic-Social-Investigative. Male students scored significantly higher on the Reality personality type, whereas female students scored significantly higher on the Social personality type. Overall, this study found many students to possess two of the three dominant personality traits that form the desired Holland code for paramedics. This suggests that many students may be better able to cope with the demands of the paramedicine profession upon employment.

Creativity and Leisure During COVID-19: Examining the Relationship Between Leisure Activities, Motivations, and Psychological Well-Being.

Social distancing policies have been implemented around the world to reduce the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). These measures have included temporary restrictions on mass gatherings and the closure of public facilities, limiting the pursuit of leisure activities such as travel while allowing more time for at-home pursuits, including creative activities such as gardening and painting. Previous research has demonstrated the benefits of physical activity for psychological well-being during COVID-19, but less attention has been given to the potential benefits of creative pursuits, such as arts and music. The present study investigated changes in the pursuit of creative, non-creative, and physical leisure activities and the relationship between engaging in leisure, the motivations for and barriers to pursuing these activities, and psychological well-being during COVID-19. A total of 3,827 participants from 74 countries completed an online leisure activities questionnaire and the World Health Organization Five Well-Being Index. Logistic regression indicated that gender, age, social distancing adherence, and employment status significantly predicted leisure engagement during COVID-19. Compared to sports and outdoor pursuits, participation in creative activities was generally more likely to increase during this period, while participation in non-creative activities was less likely to increase. Multiple linear regression indicated that maintaining or increasing time on leisure activities significantly predicted well-being during COVID-19, with increased time spent on home crafts and artisanship, fine arts, musical and performing arts engagement, sports and outdoor pursuits, niche and IT interests, and language activities each predicting higher well-being outcomes. Motivations such as seeking creative expression and mental stimulation, keeping fit, and maintaining social connections also predicted higher well-being. These findings suggest that participation in both physical and creative leisure activities may offer protective benefits for well-being during COVID-19, and that strategies to promote engagement in creative activities should also be considered in future guidance for mental health during periods of lockdown or isolation.

Career interest data trends in era information technology of high school students at Surabaya, Indonesia.

This research was conducted to determine trends in the career interests of high school students in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. The sample size was 981 consisting of 488 men and 493 women. The instrument used was a career interest scale that was compiled based on Holland's theory with six RIASEC domains (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional). The study design uses non-experimental, data collection through questionnaires given directly. Data were analyzed descriptively without using an explicit theoretical model. The career fields that are in high demand by high school students are the conventional fields that reach 42.30%, while the less desirable areas are the investigative fields which are only 3.98%. There are differences in career interests between men and women. Men prefer more realistic, artistic and enterprising fields, while women prefer social and conventional fields.

Adaptation to brazilian portuguese of the O*Net Interests Profiler: Short Form / Adaptação ao português brasileiro do O*Net Interests Profiler: Short Form / Adaptación al portugués brasilero del O*Net Interests Profiler: Short Form

This study aimed to adapt to the Brazilian Portuguese the O*NET Interests Profiler - Short Form. The instrument evaluates vocational interests according to the RIASEC model, which includes six types (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional). Validity evidence was obtained through Principal Components Analysis, Multidimensional Scaling, correlations between secondary concepts from the theoretical model, and contrasts between groups. PCA results, the contrasts between selected occupational groups and correlational results between secondary concepts followed the theoretical expectations. However, the MDS results did not fully confirm the hexagonal structure. Overall results suggest the adapted instrument has acceptable evidence of validity. Further studies are suggested to increase the suitability of the Brazilian version of the instrument.

O objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar o O*NET Interests Profiler - Short Form para o português brasileiro. O instrumento avalia interesses vocacionais de acordo com o modelo RIASEC, que inclui seis dimensões (Realista, Investigativo, Artístico, Social, Empreendedor e Convencional). As evidências de validade foram obtidas por meio da Análise de Componentes Principais, Escalonamento Multidimensional, correlações entre os conceitos secundários do modelo teórico e contrastes entre grupos ocupacionais. Os resultados da ACP, dos contrastes entre os grupos selecionados e dos resultados das correlações entre os conceitos secundários confirmaram as expectativas teóricas. No entanto, os resultados do EMD não confirmaram totalmente a estrutura hexagonal. Em geral, os resultados sugerem que o instrumento adaptado apressenta evidências aceitáveis de validade. Estudos adicionais são sugeridos para aumentar a adequação da versão brasileira do instrumento.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo adaptar al portugués brasileño el O*NET Interests Profiler - Short Form. El instrumento evalúa los intereses vocacionales de acuerdo con el modelo RIASEC, que incluye seis dimensiones (Realista, Investigativo, Artístico, Social, Emprendedor y Convencional). Las evidencias de validez se obtuvieron mediante Análisis de Componentes Principales, Escalamiento Multidimensional, correlaciones entre los conceptos secundarios del modelo teórico y contrastes entre grupos ocupacionales. Los resultados del PCA, los contrastes entre los grupos seleccionados y los resultados de las correlaciones entre los conceptos secundarios confirmaron las expectativas teóricas. Sin embargo, los resultados del MDS solo confirmaron parcialmente la estructura hexagonal. Los resultados sugieren que el instrumento adaptado tiene evidencias aceptables de validez y confiabilidad. Se sugieren estudios adicionales para aumentar la idoneidad de la versión brasileña del instrumento.

What occupational preference types dominate among nurses and paramedics with implications for wellbeing?: A scoping review.

Understanding the occupational typological nature of nursing and paramedicine and the typological preferences of these within the professions offers significant evidence of factors that can facilitate wellbeing and efficiencies. Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage scoping methodology was used to review the literature. The research question used to guide this scoping review was: Which Holland code is more dominant among nurses and paramedics? Nine articles were included in this review, from which two broad themes emerged: Job satisfaction/academic success; and personality-employment fit across gender and subgroups within the same occupation. While the Social (S) personality type dominated across the studies for both nurses and paramedics, overall, the studies identified various combinations of the personality profile and, in some cases, personality types foreign to the occupation also formed part of the Holland code. Congruence can be thought of as playing an important role in nurses'/paramedics' overall well-being regardless of the order of their three dominant personality types.

How Our Work Influences Who We Are: Testing a Theory of Vocational and Personality Development over Fifty Years.

This study examines the developmental influences of occupational environments on personality traits from childhood to adulthood. We test aspects of a theory of vocational and personality development, proposing that traits develop in response to work experience following corresponsive and noncorresponsive mechanisms. We describe these pathways in the context of situations of vocational gravitation and inhabitation. In a sample from the Hawaii personality and health cohort (N = 596), we examined associations of childhood and adulthood personality traits, with occupational environments profiled on the RIASEC model. Mediations tests confirmed that work influenced personality development from childhood to adulthood for Openness/Intellect. We observed multiple reactivity effects of occupation environments on adulthood traits that were not associated with corresponding selection effects.

The Interest Profiles and Interest Congruence of Male and Female Students in STEM and Non-STEM Fields.

The goal of the following study is to investigate whether first-year students in STEM fields that have a low proportion of females (STEM-L) show vocational interests that fit their vocational aspirations. To place our investigation into a broader context, we compared students in STEM-L with students of STEM subjects with a medium proportion of women (STEM-M) as well as with other subjects with a medium or a high proportion of females. We analyzed their vocational interests, vocational aspirations and their interest congruence. In both the comparison regarding interest profiles and the comparison of vocational aspirations, we focused on the things-orientation and people-orientation, all while taking respective gender differences into account. Following the suggestion from previous studies, in a further step we differentiated between subjects within STEM-L. Using data from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), we analyzed the interest congruence of 5,530 male and 7,406 female students in STEM majors (with a low or medium proportion of women) and non-STEM majors (with a medium or high proportion of women). Students from different subjects showed different magnitudes regarding their things- and people-orientation. STEM-L students had a high things-orientation and a low people-orientation regarding both their interests and aspired occupations. Students of STEM-L and STEM-M showed a lower interest congruence than students from other subjects. With the exception of education, gender differences regarding the people- and things-orientation also existed within most of the subjects. Gender differences partly remain when distinguishing between the different subjects within STEM-L. And so, the result that not all STEM-L subjects are "created equal" is discussed in the context of their theoretical and methodological aspects.

18REST: a short RIASEC-interest measure for large-scale educational and vocational assessment.

The construction of the 18REST, a short 18-item inventory to describe students' position on John Holland's RIASEC interest types, is documented. The instrument is meant to be used in large-scale assessment in education and on the labor market, supplementing information on school achievement and social-emotional skills. This research was carried out in Brazil, initially with two independent samples composed by adolescents and adults. The 18REST's psychometric properties are compared to those of the more extended RIASEC item pool and confirmed in a new independent undergraduate sample. Despite differences between genders were found as expected, invariance measurement across gender was indicated. Different ways to use the 18REST in large-scale assessment are discussed.

18REST: a short RIASEC-interest measure for large-scale educational and vocational assessment

Abstract The construction of the 18REST, a short 18-item inventory to describe students' position on John Holland's RIASEC interest types, is documented. The instrument is meant to be used in large-scale assessment in education and on the labor market, supplementing information on school achievement and social-emotional skills. This research was carried out in Brazil, initially with two independent samples composed by adolescents and adults. The 18REST's psychometric properties are compared to those of the more extended RIASEC item pool and confirmed in a new independent undergraduate sample. Despite differences between genders were found as expected, invariance measurement across gender was indicated. Different ways to use the 18REST in large-scale assessment are discussed.

Evaluating Effectively Maintained Inequality: School and post-school transitions, socioeconomic background, academic ability and curricular placement.

Effectively Maintained Inequality (EMI) is proposed as an explanation for contemporary socioeconomic inequalities in education. Socioeconomic inequalities are 'maintained' by students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds taking less advantageous curricula influencing their post-school destinations. The purpose of this study is to evaluate EMI by addressing several hypotheses derived from the EMI thesis using Australian longitudinal data. It analyses within-school transitions and the transition from school to post-school destinations (elite university, other university, vocational and no post-school study or training). The study also models curricular placement (subject choice). It finds that the transitions within- and post-school are more powerfully influenced by students' academic ability than by socioeconomic background. Furthermore, subject choice has strong impacts on the transitions. Similarly, Year 12 subject choice is only weakly predicted by socioeconomic background, and more strongly influenced by ability and occupational interests. In turn, occupational interests are largely independent of socioeconomic background. The EMI thesis is not supported.